What are Test Automation Frameworks and Types?

 Automation Framework is a collection of tools and processes working together to support automated testing of any application.  It integrates various functions like libraries, test data, and various reusable modules.

Importance of Automation Framework in Software Testing

>> Maintain a well-defined strategy across the test suites >> Enhanced speed at which testing progresses >> Maintaining the test code will be easy >> The URL or Application can be tested accurately >> Continuous testing of coding and delivery will be achieved

The automation framework not only offers the benefit of reusing the code in various scenarios, but it also helps the team to write down the test script in a standard format.

Test Automation Framework Types

Linear Automation Framework

The linear Automation framework is commonly used in the testing of small applications. This framework is also called as a Record and playback framework.

Pros: There is no need to write custom code, so expertise in test automation is not necessary.

Cons: The data is hardcoded in the test script; hence, the test cases cannot be re-run with multiple sets. You need to make some changes if the data is altered.

Modular Driven  Framework

In this Framework, the tester can create test scripts module wise by breaking down the whole application into smaller modules as per the client requirements and create test scripts individually.

Pros: Ensures the division of scripts that leads to easier maintenance and scalability. You can write independent test scripts.

Cons: Requires additional time in analyzing the test cases and identifying reusable flows.

Behavior Driven Development Framework

It allows every person, like Developers, Testers, business analyst, etc., to participate actively. It also increases collaboration between the tester and the developers on your project.

Pros: You can use non-technical, natural language to create test specifications on this behavior-driven testing.

Cons: To work with this framework,  sufficient technical skills as well as prior experience in Test driven development is required.

Data-driven Testing Framework

The data-driven framework allows us to create test automation scripts by passing different sets of test data.

Pros: It reduces the number of scripts required. Hence, multiple scenarios can be tested in less code.

Cons: You will need a highly experienced tester who should be proficient in various programming languages to completely utilize the design of this framework.

The Keyword-Driven Testing Framework

This framework is suitable only for small projects or applications. The automation test scripts performed are based on the keywords specified in the excel sheet of the project.

Pros: A single keyword can be used across multiple test scripts, so the code is reusable.

Cons: The initial cost of setting up the framework is high, and it is time-consuming & complex. 

The Hybrid test Automation Framework

Hybrid Framework is used to combine the benefits of Keyword Driven and Data-Driven frameworks.

Pros:  This type leverages the advantages of all kinds of related frameworks.

Cons: Tests are fully scripted in a Hybrid Testing Framework thus increases the automation effort.

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